In addition, radiotherapy can lead to the release of DNA from damaged tumor cells, which activates the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and thus mediates the release of type 1 IFN, while radiotherapy also activates DCs and stimulates effector T cells to respond to tumor cells [187, 188]. Here, STING1 is linked to neoplasm.