TNF and Dengue hemorrhagic fever: Notably, gene set enrichment of these 393 genes using GO terms, KEGG pathways, and IPA showed identical transcriptional signatures compared to the results in Fig. 5, with an innate-like anti-viral stress response featuring upregulation of TNF and type-1 interferons before progression to DHF, and a significant enrichment of terms involved in cell proliferation, cell metabolism, and T cell activation in individuals that did not develop severe hemorrhagic symptoms.