Indeed, a genome-wide association study (GWAS)23 and a more recent Crohn’s Disease exome sequencing study involving over 100,000 subjects (P = 8 × 10−17; https://github.com/yorkklause/Crohn-s-Disease-WES-meta), have shown that IRF1 is also an IBD-associated gene. The gene discussed is IRF1; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.