Meanwhile, we also found the intestinal bacteria promote MM progression by elevating the level of BM glutamine13 and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), the first rate-limiting enzyme of the serine synthesis pathway (SSP), and that glutamine enhances cell proliferation and BTZ resistance of MM by increasing GSH synthesis in MM cells14. This evidence concerns the gene PHGDH and Miyoshi myopathy.