CTLA4 and viral infectious disease: In addition, we also report the following in ACS patients: 1) The AIM profile provides insight on signaling pathways that are involved in impaired tolerance response and in generating persistent immune memory to LL-37; 2) LL-37 provokes both HLA dependent and independent T cell responses; 3) Immune checkpoint protein CTLA-4 is an important regulator of T cell response to LL-37; and 4) The immune response to LL-37 as a self-antigen is distinct from the response to viral infection antigens from CMV.