After model adjustment for age >70 years, sex, diabetes, pre-existing comorbidities, and IL-6 and BNP levels, a higher NET (OR 3.67, 95% CI 1.30–10.41, p=0.014), pre-existing CKD (OR 8.55, 95% CI 2.07–35.38, p=0.010) and increased IL-6 (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.09-2.32, p=0.016) were significant determinants of COVID-19 AKI (model 3) (Table 4). Here, NPPB is linked to chronic kidney disease.