The adenine-induced CKD group showed a significant increase in caspase-3 cytoplasmic staining compared with the control group (P<0.001), while the fetuin-A group showed a significant decrease in caspase-3 cytoplasmic staining compared with the adenine-induced CKD group (P<0.001) (Table 3). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is chronic kidney disease.