INS and diabetic kidney disease: Similarly, drugs acting through the Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) pathway would prolong the action of GLP-1, leading to an improvement in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity [16]. The value of ZAGP also significantly decreased in the normoalbuminuric diabetic group compared to healthy controls, implying that it is a useful early biomarker for non-albuminuric DKD.