FOXP3 and colitis: The efficacy of gm probiotics in colitis differed not only in terms of the therapeutic substances it produced, but also the phases of administration; for instance, a short and early administration of recombinant L. lactis producing thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine in mature dendritic cells with properties of inhibiting IL-12 secretion and inducing differentiation of anti-inflammatory FoxP3+ Treg, was more effective than a long-lasting treatment [60].