However, when detailed HCC surveillance protocols were analyzed, public centers declared that they performed USG examination and AFP every 6 months, which was significantly more often compared to private centers (USG, 33.3% vs. 16.5%, χ2(1) = 3.94, p = 0.047, V = 0.19; AFP, 24.2% vs. 6.3%, p= 0.019, V = 0.26, respectively) (Table 3). The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.