Melatonin, an antioxidant that regulates the sleep-wake cycle, was reported to inhibit RSL3-, erastin-, or H/R-induced ferroptosis through modulating NRF2, AKT, and GPX4, in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, as well as through upregulating NRF2 and downregulating SLC7A11 in mouse tubular epithelial cells and a mouse acute kidney injury (AKI) model [164,165]. This evidence concerns the gene GPX4 and acute kidney injury.