Recent studies have shown that in oxygen-poor and lipid-depleted environments, cancer cells may utilize increased acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) expression to maintain a competitive advantage [51], and that hypoxia-induced factor 1-alpha (HIF1-α) and 2-alpha (HIF2-α) expression [44] may modulate brain tumor response to oxygen-depleted conditions. The gene discussed is ACSS1; the disease is cancer.