TGFB1 and cranioectodermal dysplasia: Instead, children who developed CeD, when examined 12–24 months before they were first positive for anti-tTG, a phase named PRE-CeD, showed a cytokine production profile that did not differ from the values recorded during the later active phase of the full-blown disease, associated with a higher expression of TGFβ and a lower expression of INFγ.