In the case of E-cadherin RIP, the extracellularly released fragment promotes cancer-associated changes including increased signaling through growth factor receptors (epithelial growth factor receptor and insulin-dependent growth factor receptor one), inhibition of hippo signaling and related apoptosis, immune evasion, cell migration/invasion, and transcriptional upregulation of MMP-2, 9, and 14; the intracellular domain has been implicated in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which in turn regulates cell proliferation and migration as well as the transcription of specific MMPs [83,84,85]. This evidence concerns the gene CDH1 and cancer.