We next compared the serological profiles of the three cohorts and found that IgG antibodies against malaria antigens, MSP1 and AMA1, were significantly elevated in KSHV seropositive compared to seronegative children (Figure 1a), a pattern supported by additional multivariate regression analysis of seropositivity determinants when controlling for the confounding effects of participants’ age and gender (Figure 1b). The gene discussed is ATAD1; the disease is malaria.