TP53 and age-related macular degeneration: In our blue-light-induced A2E-loaded ARPE-19 cells toxicity model (A2E BL group), the increased expression of ABL1 and TP53 mRNA were significantly inhibited by the treatment with C. tora and its active principles, which represented strong evidence that C. tora and chrysophanol can be effective natural antioxidants and provide potential chemical interventions for A2E-related diseases, including AMD.