IL4 and schistosomiasis: For example, several pathogenic infections, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) [138], Schistosomiasis [139], Hepatitis C (HCV) [140], lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) [141], and sepsis [142] engage in immune suppression by employing a plethora of epigenetic mechanisms, ranging from the acetylation (permissive access) and methylation (restricted access) of histones H3 [138] and H4 to the hypo and hypermethylation of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Th1 pathways [139], evoking a polarized immune response [143].