In addition, as research by Murata et al. [88] and Wu et al. [97] indicates, an important role in generating oxidative stress in diabetes, including both limiting the antioxidant defense system and increasing ROS generation, is played by spermine oxidation with the participation of vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) and spermine oxidase (SMOX). This evidence concerns the gene SMOX and diabetes mellitus.