These two genes, CPNE1 and STC2, encode proteins that have not yet been formally associated with COPD sarcopenia (i.e., Copine 1, a soluble calcium-dependent membrane-binding protein, and Stanniocalcin 2, a homodimeric glycoprotein hormone involved in the regulation of IGF1). The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.