PPARGC1A and carcinoma: We then compared the levels of the ND4/ND1 plasma ratio between the PGC1A-low and the PGC1A-high subjects, and we found that the ND4/ND1 ratio was significantly higher in carcinoma than in hyperplasia patients with high PGC1A levels, but that this was not the case in patients with low PGC1A levels (Figure 7H).