MTOR and gastric cancer: One of the main cell signaling pathways involved in the development of malignant phenotypes in GC is the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which plays a key role in survival, cell growth, regulation of transcription and translation, and tolerance to therapeutics drugs [18,19].