In subjects with metabolic syndrome, the intake of synbiotics (Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and fructooligosaccharides) reduced their BMI, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, and increased their levels of GLP-1 and peptide YY (PYY) [103]. This evidence concerns the gene PYY and metabolic syndrome.