Since the representative galectin-9 receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3), is not expressed on the surface of HCC cell lines, and galectin-9-induced apoptosis is inhibited by lactose administration, this receptor should be glycosylated by β-galactoside [18]. The gene discussed is LGALS9; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.