NFKB1 and cancer: Investigations elaborating the immune escape characteristics of cancer cells showed that αVβ3 integrins were upregulated on a variety of drug-resistant cancer cells, which induced immune tolerance and promoted immune escape via activating ATM/Chk2 and NF-kB-mediated pathways, thereby impairing the ability of DCs to cross-prime antigen-specific T lymphocytes [15].