Additionally, ADAMTS4 expression was not altered in the AF, but was significantly downregulated by all treatments in the NP (0.26 ± 0.31-, 0.31 ± 0.14- and 0.14 ± 0.19-fold for E2, LMHFV and E2 + LMHFV, respectively, p < 0.05; Figure 3F). The gene discussed is ADAMTS4; the disease is atrial fibrillation.