TNF and congenital rubella syndrome: Several proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2, IL-7, and IL-10 are involved in the development of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), which then contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 including ARDS [10,11,12].