CASP3 and orchitis: Comparably to our results, caspase 3 expression was not identified in undisturbed rat spermatogenesis [33], was almost absent in the normal human testis [85], and was present in altered spermatogenesis as orchitis in rats [33], cryptorchidism in dogs [86], and Sertoli cell-only syndrome and maturation arrest in men [87], supporting its significant role in pathological conditions of the testis.