SLC5A2 and dementia: There is growing evidence that SGLT2 inhibitors may affect pathognomonic dementia mechanisms such as the loss of cholinergic neurons, the extracellular and intracellular buildup of beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) hyperactivation in addition to their direct effects on the CNS [172].