SMAD3 and cancer: The highest statistically significant predicted upstream regulators converged on several pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1A, IL6 and IL1B), cancer genes (HRAS, KRAS, MYC and BRCA1), transcription factors (CEBPB, SP1, KLF11, SMAD3, NFE2L2 and AHR) and extracellular matrix and fibrosis regulators (TGFB1 and TGFB3) as well as the androgen receptor (AR) and the microRNA miR-8 (red arrow in Figure 2A), indicating that these proteins (miRNA) may be involved in the dysregulation of a sizeable portion of the top 63 proteins in the serum signature for OSCC.