Marret et al. ranked recurrent molecular alterations in HNSCC on the basis of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets (ESCAT) and identified six of 33 actionable alterations as the most clinically relevant: HRAS activating mutations, high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), high tumor mutational burden (TMB-high), NTRK fusions, CDKN2A inactivating alterations, and EGFR amplifications [77]. The gene discussed is HRAS; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.