The fused cells have upregulated EMT genes SNAIL2 (SLUG), Wnt5A, collagen, fibronectin, N-cadherin, MMP3 and MMP9, and S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4), which supports tumorigenic proliferation, a decrease in several epithelial-associated genes, a significant increase in subcutaneous tumor growth and a shortened time to distant organ metastasis when injected into mice [313]. Here, MMP9 is linked to neoplasm.