Among cytokines tested, the levels of Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 have been associated with ESCC progression and metastasis, whereas the levels of IL-2, Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-12, and IL-18 appear to stimulate antitumor immune responses [9]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.