CTLA4 and melanoma: Over the past decade, the development of immune checkpoint blockade antibodies, such as those directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), has shown great results in the treatment of melanoma and other cancers making it a reference treatment for melanoma and other cancers.