HLA-C and leukemia: Administration of cells that differ in MHC antigens are known to induce a strong immune response, as differences in MHC complexes are a potent signal to the immune system that non-self-derived cells are present and must be cleared; this phenomenon is clearly reflected in graft-versus-host-disease following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) or in organ rejection following transplantation, but is also harnessed clinically to mediate the graft-versus-leukemia effect post-HCT [25,26,33].