The urinary concentration of PTGDS was significantly higher in noI-PCa (1156.8 ± 276.2 ng/mL) compared to: I-PCa (595.6 ± 338.3 ng/mL) (p = 0.03), noI-BPH (712.6 ± 285.8 ng/mL), (p = 0.02) and I-BPH (593.2 ± 229.3 ng/mL) (p = 0.05) (Figure 4). Here, PTGDS is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.