BTLA/HVEM axis dysregulation has been linked to poor outcome and diminished antitumor immune responses in a wide variety of cancers, including solid tumors (e.g. pancreatic adenocarcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer) and those from the hematological origin (e.g. follicular lymphoma, CLL) [19–23]. The gene discussed is BTLA; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.