TNF and neoplasm: Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a key player in responses against various cytokines and stimulators, including Wnt [5], BMP [6], TNF-α, IL-1β [7], and TGF-β [8], which are critical mediators of the inflammatory response and tumor progression, thereby providing a molecular link between inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis.