However, in a study in Australia in patients with surgically resected early stage NSCLC (stages I–III), high PD-L1 expression (defined as tumors with ≥50% cells showing positive membrane staining with a monoclonal anti-PD-L1 antibody) was observed in only 7.4% of tumors; though PD-L1 staining in ≥1% of TCs and ≥5% of TCs was identified in 28% and 20% of cases [42]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.