BRAF and melanoma: In a clinical trial for treating advanced melanoma, Chesney and coworkers [123] assessed the value in the treatment of advanced melanoma by using T-VEC in combination with ipilimumab (a novel anti-human cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 monoclonal antibody).They selected patients with clinical stage IIIB–IV melanoma who had not experienced surgical treatment, where the v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) wild-type (WT) patients receiving no more than one immediate treatment and the BRAF-mutant patients receiving no more than 2 immediate treatments were selected.