INS and Acidosis: Males have greater output volume of pancreatic bicarbonate fluid 20% more than females and this is due to the body size where males have greater body size compared to females not necessarily that there is a gender difference in the pancreas itself.29 Therefore, the higher levels of bicarbonate could be more protective in males compared to females since lower bicarbonate a marker of chronic low grade metabolic acidosis is independently associated with decreased insulin sensitivity and higher levels of inflammatory markers.7,9