CD8A and neoplasm: To place these findings in the context of a larger dataset and potentially identify additional pediatric cancer types with inherently elevated CD8 expression to which this predictive association may translate in a future ICI trial, we applied the CIBERSORT algorithm to tumor RNA-seq data from children and young adult patients with cancer (aged <30 years) from the Treehouse Childhood Cancer Initiative to determine CD8+ T-cell infiltration estimates across 20 available pediatric cancer types (Extended Data Fig. 4a).