DCC and gastric cancer: With the deepening of research, accumulating studies have revealed the critical functions of NTN1 in the progression of multiple cancers, including pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and GC through its canonical receptors such as uncoordinated 5A-D (UNC5A-D), deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC), neogenin, and down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM) [19, 22, 47–50].