Interestingly, in our microarray data, TIMP2 (FC = 102.34) (P = 0.0005), a negative regulator of MMP25 protein function (32), and FPR2 (FC = 2.3) (P = 0.006), an important component of the innate immune response against bacterial infections (33), were significantly downregulated in CE of VEH/SIV compared with uninfected controls. This evidence concerns the gene MMP25 and bacterial infectious disease.