Current guidelines do not recommend TPT for DM patients, but one study in Indonesia has shown a high incidence among them and a positive interferon-gamma release assay result;50 the first randomised clinical trial examining the effect and safety of TPT among diabetics has started in Uganda and Tanzania (Clinical Trial Registration NCT04600167).51 Other proposed measures to control TB-HIV and TB-DM include a more effective vaccine than bacille Calmette-Guérin, which mainly protects against childhood TB, along with better control of both HIV and DM. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and diabetes mellitus.