The expression of Kiss1/Kiss1r seems to be directly associated with the sex steroid hormone milieu in the brain and multiple peripheral tissues, including the adipose tissue in gonadectomized rats, and the uterus and placenta of the BPH/5 mouse model (Hou and Gorski, 1993; Brown et al., 2008; Cejudo Roman et al., 2012; Baba et al., 2015; Hussain et al., 2015; Stephens et al., 2015; Dudek et al., 2018; Harter et al., 2018; Schaefer et al., 2021; Gomes et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene KISS1 and benign prostatic hyperplasia.