AKT1 and Insulin resistance: It is suggested that the elevated circulation of pro-inflammatory markers alters the insulin receptor substrate - phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase - protein kinase B (IRS-PI3K-Akt) pathway, which is related with insulin resistance and damages to skeletal muscle (Rotter et al., 2003; De Alvaro et al., 2004; Weigert et al., 2006; Bouzakri and Zierath, 2007; Wei et al., 2008; Odegaard and Chawla, 2013).