The benefit of BrMs surveillance might thus be justifiable in selected stage III NSCLC patients, such as patients with adenocarcinoma, those at high-risk of recurrence (including those harboring targetable mutations such as EGFR and ALK), and those with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on less than 1% of tumor cells (19, 20). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and adenocarcinoma.