“Immune desert” (ID) tumors had low abundance of CD8+ T cells at the margins (marCD8 <200 cells/mm2) and were classified as corCD8lo marCD8lo while “Margin-restricted” (MR) tumors had accumulation of CD8+ T cells at the tumor margins (marCD8 >200 cells/mm2) and were designated as corCD8lo marCD8hi. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.