ID1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: There is evidence that some healthy individuals harbor T1D associated AA against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) as well as GADA-reactive anti-Id antibodies; the GADA are thought to be rendered ineffective by the neutralizing effects of the GADA-specific anti-Id antibodies which are present at significant levels in healthy individuals but depleted in newly-diagnosed T1D patients (178).