Paeoniflorin can regulate signaling pathways (GPCR pathway, MAPKs/NF-κB pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, JAK2/STAT3 pathway, TGFβ/Smads, etc.)in experimental arthritis FLS (160, 162–165). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and arthritic joint disease.